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:''This article is about the American author. For many places, mountains, and ships see Königsberg (disambiguation).'' Elaine Lobl Konigsburg (February 10, 1930 – April 19, 2013) was an American writer and illustrator of children's books and young adult fiction. She is one of six writers to win two Newbery Medals, the venerable American Library Association award for the year's "most distinguished contribution to American children's literature."〔 Konigsburg submitted her first two manuscripts to editor Jean Karl at Atheneum Publishers in 1966, and both were published in 1967: ''Jennifer, Hecate, Macbeth, William McKinley, and Me, Elizabeth'' and ''From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler''.〔〔 They made her the only person to be Newbery Medal winner and one of the runners-up in one year. She won again for ''The View from Saturday'' in 1997, 29 years later, the longest span between two Newberys awarded to one author.〔 For her contribution as a children's writer Konigsburg was U.S. nominee in 2006 for the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award, the highest international recognition available to creators of children's books.〔 ==Biography== Elaine Lobl was born in New York City on February 10, 1930,〔〔 but grew up in small Pennsylvania towns, the second of three daughters.〔 She was born to two Jewish immigrants who moved from New York City to a mill town in Pennsylvania. She was an avid reader, although reading was only "tolerated" in her family, "not sanctioned like dusting furniture or baking cookies".〔 She was high school valedictorian in Farrell, Pennsylvania, where there was no guidance counseling and she never heard of scholarships.〔 To earn money for college, she worked as a bookkeeper at a meat plant, where she met David Konigsburg, the brother of one of the owners. Elaine entered Carnegie Institute of Technology in Pittsburgh and majored in chemistry, with her "artistic side ... essentially dormant", because she was good at it and the purpose of college was "to become a ''something''—a librarian, a teacher, a chemist, a ''something''".〔 She became the first person in her family to earn a degree.〔 After graduating, Elaine married David, who was then a graduate student in psychology. She started graduate school in chemistry at the University of Pittsburgh (1952 to 1954〔) but they moved to Jacksonville, Florida after he attained his doctorate. She worked as a science teacher at Bartram School for Girls until 1955; became the mother of three children, Paul, Laurie, and Ross (1955 to 1959〔); began painting at adult education after two children; and planned for the time they would all be in school.〔 Konigsburg took the new direction after the family moved to Port Chester in Greater New York (1962〔), where she continued art lessons and joined the Art Students League.〔 She began to write in the mornings when her third child started school.〔 Her first-published story ''Jennifer, Hecate'' was inspired by Laurie's experience as a new girl in Port Chester. ''Mixed-Up Files'' was inspired by her children's complaints about a picnic with many amenities of home; she inferred that if they ever ran away "()hey would certainly never consider any place less elegant than the Metropolitan Museum of Art."〔 Konigsburg learned of those first two books' 1968 Newbery Award and honorable mention during her family's move back from Port Chester to Jacksonville.〔 When she composed her autobiographical statement for ''The Book of Junior Authors'' (2000), she lived "on the beach in North Florida". The pieces of ''View From Saturday'' (1996) had come together when she "left my desk and took a walk along the beach".〔 For five decades, Konigsburg challenged readers by tackling subjects often avoided in children’s books, from the undercurrent of hostility that runs through an interracial friendship to the domestic unrest generated by the stirrings of pubescent and parental sexuality.〔 Konigsburg was committed to depicting young people as capable knowers of what goes on in their own minds, homes, and the wider world they inhabit. Bad things happen in her novels when adult characters fail to respect this competence. At the same time, however, Konigsburg emphasizes that all knowledge is perspectival; the particular social position that each of us inhabits shapes what we know and how we come to know it.〔 Along with chapter books, some of which she has illustrated, Konigsburg is the writer and illustrator of three 1990s picture books "featuring her own grandchildren": ''Samuel Todd's Book of Great Colors'', ''Samuel Todd's Book of Great Inventions'', and ''Amy Elizabeth Explores Bloomingdale's''.〔''Mixed-Up Files'', 35th anniversary ed., Afterword.〕〔 As of 2002, she had five grandchildren, Samuel Todd and Amy Elizabeth being the eldest children of Laurie and Ross. Husband David Konigsburg died in 2001.〔 Konigsburg died in Falls Church, Virginia on April 19, 2013 from complications of a stroke that she had suffered a week prior. Konigsburg was 83.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「E. L. Konigsburg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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